a fuzzy bi-objective mathematical model for sustainable hazmat transportation

today, transportation of hazardous materials (i.e., hazmat) is a very important issue for researchersdue to the risk of this transit, which should be considered for development of industries and transportation.therefore, a model that is useful should consider the risk and damage to humanitarianand environmental issues due to transit of hazmat materials. by considering the related cost, thereality and applicability of the model are also very important. in this paper, a bi-objective model ispresented for routing rail-truck intermodal terminals with the cost and risk as objective functionsby considering three sets of the effective factors that lead to hazardous materials transportation accidentsin favor of sustainability. additionally, a fuzziness concept is considered in the presentedmodel. the model is first validated by the prevalent software using the authoritative solver to solvea numerical example. furthermore, to help managers, an efficient fuzzy approach proposed in theliterature is used. finally, it is concluded that in this work a reality and sustainable model is suitablefor hazmat transportation.